Lexember 2014

[zyma]

Project Jade (Day 17):

eıň /eɴ˥/ (v.) to catch, to get, to obtain, to buy


Example:

pȝɔ̃pƃîı ġew jäwaı eıň
goat five person get
the person buys five goats

[MrKrov]

Noon entry:

"-záhó-" v. lick, taste
Needs more verbs.

[felipesnark]

Shonkasika #17

pronka /pronka/ n. terrestrial shade, shadow

pronkak lop glainat
shadow-ACC 3sg.ANIM.MASC-GEN see-1sg

I see his shadow

[Lao Kou]

Géarthnuns:

18th - lözedhekförs [ˌløzɛðɛˈkføɾs] n. embargo

Vau lözedhekföms löt sfa'u angal.
[vɔ ˌløzɛðɛˈkfoms ˌløt ˈsfa.u aˈŋal]
DEF.NEG embargo-NOM.NEG AUX.PRESPRF.PASS still-ADV lift
The embargo has yet to be lifted.

[qwed117]

henra-insane
teryan-ground
+Others

[fivecountwings]

Lexember 17
Proto-Hàna:
nàxu [næxu]
husband

[PeteBleackley]

18th Khangaþyagon word
arkhap: tree-bark

[Prinsessa]

Didn't really quite realise how this game worked until now (that I could be bothered to read the OP ;c), but I'll join in, at least today, if I may. I haven't really been in the conlanging zone for a while, and my tongues are always a slow progress, so I might not feel quite all right with forcing words in there.

But Pete's bark above definitely struck me as something immediately derivable or addable, and so add it I shall!

Using the hashtag mentioned by OP on Twitter could be fun too, as that's probably my second-most active home on the interwebs these day.

Root **kj·nr- birch yields *kimr-ír- ~ *kirm-ír- spotted, which yields *kirm-r-ə́ birch bark.

*kirmrə → *cirmrə → *čim(ə)rə ~ *čimər → *(t)simur̥ → sı̨us

Birches are common in the lands of the speakers as the language develops and the word turns into the modern form sı̨us, meaning simply bark and may be used for certain things made out of it as well, such as boat.

[thetha]

17th:
pəza - tree bark
yunaa' - weave

18th:
puri - girl
kusi - boy (both for children only)
aal - to grow up

[MrKrov]

Midday entry:

"súku" n. bag, sack
For later derivation.

[zyma]

Project Jade (Day 18):

dãısȝ /dãsˤ˥/ (v.) to hunt, to search, to look for, to pursue, to follow


Example:

aımõ tŕɔ̈xĩ ƃaır dãısȝ
yak calm 1 hunt
I'm looking for a stoic yak

[Andlat]

Wrapping up the end of the semester set me back a few days, so today is catch-up.

Lexember 16th

lúsenkamtha: vb. to taste

A úropagen ayatelan këlsarú, híno gravtistú tuimë lúsenkamthan.: The boy thought that his soup tasted salty.


Lexember 17th

epahínaina: vb. to gather

A vasríma epahínainas tiistai níl.: The group gathers every Tuesday.


Lexember 18th

Valta: vb. to respect

Sína täyati síno tajkölö valtas.: You must respect your history.

Spoiler:

A úropagen ayatela-n këlsarú, hín-o gravtistú tuimë lúsenkamtha-n.
DEF boy think-PAST that, 3SG.MASC-GEN soup salty taste-PAST.

A vasríma epahínaina-s tiistai níl.
DEF group gather-PRES Tuesday every

Sína täyati sín-o tajkölö valta-s.
2SG.NEU must 2SG.NEU-GEN history respect-PRES.

[fivecountwings]

Lexember 18
Proto-Hàna:
mhí [mʰi]
son

[felipesnark]

Shonkasika #18

fahu /fahu/ n. neuter belly, abdomen

Fahu lop vrote bas.
belly.NEUT 3sg.MASC.ANIM-GEN large-NEUT be-3sg

His belly is large.

[PeteBleackley]

tosha: pouch, pocket, purse

[cedh]

I didn't have much time to create words in the last week, so I need to catch up a bit. I bought lots of spices though and used them for some tasty cooking, so here are some culinary terms for Buruya Nzaysa, covering Lexember 11th to 18th. As is typical for this semantic domain, especially in a culture whose economy relies on trade quite a lot, many of these words are loans from other languages. (Note the following notation convention: < represents genetic descent, ← represents a borrowing.)

Lexember 11th: Spices
- xalu (n.) ‘black pepper’ ← Fáralo hadlu ‘spicy’
- xiso (n.) ‘coriander’ ← Vylessa *hísso < Proto-Peninsular *sikçu ‘spice, herb’
- wəsku (n.) ‘turmeric, curcuma’ ← Merneha *wərəziku < Proto-Peninsular *huarn-sikçu ‘red spice’
- ŋkura (n.) ‘cloves’ ← Fáralo ŋura
- tulsu (n.) ‘cinnamon’ ← Adāta thulus ← Xšali t’uluš
- naga (n.) ‘cardamom’ ← Adāta naga ← Xšali naga
- gamu (n.) ‘cumin’ ← Adāta gamun ← Xšali gamun
- bɔsalɔ (n.) ‘ginger’ < Ndak Ta bâpu sadlo ‘rich-tasting root’

Lexember 12th: Fungi
- tsɔxevo (n.) ‘mushroom, fungus (in general)’ < Ndak Ta tsâukibu ‘soft one’ (cf. Naidda cå’evo, which has the same source)
- xɛrɔ (n.) ‘a type of mushroom’ ← Kibülʌiṅ hero’ < Proto-Peninsular *fasut

Lexember 13th: Vegetables
- yastɛ (n.) ‘pumpkin, gourd’ ← Naidda vyastë ← Miwan vijaste
- ñitsɔrə (n.) ‘sweet potato’ ← Forest Hitatc ñičoṭə
- ɔvɔdɛ (n.) ‘beetroot’ ← Naidda *åvwëjë < Ndak Ta apwi ntse ‘blood fruit’
- sɔntu (n.) ‘carrot’ ← Gezoro *zɔmathub < Proto-Western *dzama-tʰuba ‘red root’

Lexember 14th: Other kinds of food
- nigiwo (n.) ‘rice’ ← Merneha *nirəgiwə < Proto-Peninsular *niha-kifm ‘water-grain’
- sɔda (n.) ‘flatbread, tortilla’ ← Naidda saodwa ← Miwan saχudwa
- yuləh (n.) ‘cheese’ ← Gezoro jubleg
- sanzáta (n.) ‘pork’ (sa ‘meat’ + nzata ‘pig’ ← Adāta zathan)
- rima (n.) ‘a type of meal consisting of stir-fried meat and vegetables’ ← Meshi rima

Lexember 15th: Cooking tools
- rimavo (n.) ‘pan, wok’ (rima + -vo: ‘rima-thing’)
- bagɛbo (n.) ‘cooking spoon, ladle (used mainly for stirring)’ ← Fáralo eboágebu ‘pusher’
- sawabo (n.) ‘spoon, scoop (used mainly for lifting things)’ < Ndak Ta sâpambu ‘lifter’

Lexember 16th: Cooking techniques
- uflava (v.) ‘fry’ ← Miwan uplāf
- nəlga (v.) ‘stir’ (not really a new word, but a new meaning for an existing word which can also mean ‘turn, rotate, spin’ < Ndak Ta nelgan ‘twist’)

Lexember 17th: Other culinary terms
- ñiku (n.) ‘crisp, well-roasted (of food)’ ← Fáralo jiəku
- aldo (n.) ‘slice’ < Ndak Ta alendu ‘that which has been divided’

Lexember 18th: Other new words coined while translating the sample text
- rɛlga (n.) ‘warm, hot’ ← Fáralo relga
- mvosta (n.) ‘color’ < Ndak Ta mbod ta (‘color’ + DYNAMIC)
- ñesova (n.) ‘amber’ ← Naidda jezova ← Miwan djēzuf


Instead of a single example sentence for each word, I give you a short text which contains many of the above words. It's a recipe from Buruya, found in one of the oldest known cookbooks which dates to the early 5th century YP:

Ogu rɛ stɔwa ɔ tola salɔvo u rima mɛsi kwɛ’a, nodɔwa xa nzɛː
So’ɔwa nzo namə sanzáta ɔdɛ, so’ɔwa ño lo oba xagala mvɔ nanɔ, o so’ɔwa ni ɔ rimavo rɛlga kwə dəbu kusə’a uflava ñire rɛ ta nzɔ ɔ mvosta ñesova nzɛwə. Ɔdɔ’ɔwa owa lu rimavo sañawe o mvonóra. Puysa’ɔwa ntɛga wa dəbu tɛfta o so’ɔwa skɛga ɔ wɛna aldo uflava: ɔ bapsɛ o saxə o sɔntu o yastɛ o ñitsɔrə kwe. Pɔ’ɔwa mɔra, ni oma gastɔwa ɔ xɛrɔ pewada. So’ɔwa ɛxɛ ntɛ u ɔ’i o xalu o wəsku o xiso kwə mvɔwa mvosalɔ. Oldɔwa mɔla rɛ puysa’ɔwa lu tola ntɛ u bagɛbo xat leda nəlga. Rabɛ rɛ ɔdɔwah lo wɛna ɔ nzɔnə, so’ɔwa bu lu sudusa ni lu rimavo ñawe, so’ɔwa bu nəlga, o so’ɔwa ɔ tulsu on ɔ kwe nabaña u bɔsalɔ tɛfta. Stɔwa nzo kepəña kwə u sɔda ga nigiwo mɛsu tul.

Ogu rɛ stɔwa ɔ tola salɔvo u rima mɛsi kwɛ’a,
so_as_to.3 SUB.ACC EMPH.AUX-2SG>3 INDEF.ACC meal delicious of.3 Rima Meshi prepare
In order to make a delicious meal of Meshi-style Rima,

nodɔwa xa nzɛː
INT.AUX-2SG>3 this.ACC do
you need to do this:

So’ɔwa nzo namə sanzáta ɔdɛ,
NULL.AUX-2SG>3 TOP.ACC some pork_meat take
You take some pork meat,

so’ɔwa ño lo oba xagala mvɔ nanɔ,
NULL.AUX-2SG>3 as.3 INDEF.NOM many portion small cut
you cut it into small pieces,

o so’ɔwa ni ɔ rimavo rɛlga kwə dəbu kusə’a uflava
and NULL.AUX-2SG>3 in.3 INDEF.ACC pan hot with.3 oil olive fry
and you fry it in a hot pan with olive oil

ñire rɛ ta nzɔ ɔ mvosta ñesova nzɛwə.
until.3 SUB.ACC INC.AUX-3SG>3 TOP.NOM INDEF.ACC color amber receive
until it starts to take on an amber-like color.

Ɔdɔ’ɔwa owa lu rimavo sañawe o mvonóra.
RES.AUX-2SG>3 from.3 DEF.ACC pan retrieve and CAUS-leave_temporarily
Then you remove it from the pan and put it aside.

Puysa’ɔwa ntɛga wa dəbu tɛfta o so’ɔwa skɛga ɔ wɛna aldo uflava:
CONT.AUX-2SG>3 then few oil join and NULL.AUX-2SG>3 likewise INDEF.ACC vegetable slice fry
Next, you add a little more oil and fry some sliced vegetables:

ɔ bapsɛ o saxə o sɔntu o yastɛ o ñitsɔrə kwe.
INDEF.ACC onion and garlic and carrot and gourd and sweet_potato with.3
onions, garlic, carrots, gourd, and sweet potato.

Pɔ’ɔwa mɔra, ni oma gastɔwa ɔ xɛrɔ pewada.
COND.AUX-2SG>3 select if/then also PERM.AUX-2SG>3 INDEF.ACC Xɛrɔ use
If you like, you can also use some Xɛrɔ mushrooms.

So’ɔwa ɛxɛ ntɛ u ɔ’i o xalu o wəsku o xiso kwə mvɔwa mvosalɔ.
NULL.AUX-2SG>3 everything by.3 INDEF.NOM salt and pepper and turmeric and coriander with.3 sufficiently CAUS-be_delicious
You season everything nicely with salt, pepper, turmeric and coriander.

Oldɔwa mɔla rɛ puysa’ɔwa lu tola ntɛ u bagɛbo xat leda nəlga.
OBL.AUX-2SG>3 take_care SUB.ACC CONT.AUX-2SG>3 DEF.ACC food by.3 INDEF.NOM spoon wood completely turn.
Take care to keep stirring the food with a wooden spoon.

Rabɛ rɛ ɔdɔwah lo wɛna ɔ nzɔnə,
during.3 SUB.ACC RES.COP-3PL DEF.NOM vegetable INDEF.ACC good
When the vegetables are ready,

so’ɔwa bu lu sudusa ni lu rimavo ñawe,
NULL.AUX-2SG>3 again DEF.ACC meat in.3 DEF.ACC pan put
you put the meat back into the pan,

so’ɔwa bu nəlga,
NULL.AUX-2SG>3 again turn
you stir again,

o so’ɔwa ɔ tulsu on ɔ kwe nabaña u bɔsalɔ tɛfta.
and NULL.AUX-2SG>3 INDEF.ACC cinnamon and INDEF.ACC piece tiny of.3 ginger join
and you add some cinnamon and a little bit of ginger.

stɔwa nzo kepəña kwə u sɔda ga nigiwo mɛsu tul.
EMPH.AUX-2SG>3 TOP.ACC spicy_food with.3 INDEF.NOM flatbread or rice near.3 eat
You can eat this spicy meal with flatbread or rice.


(Disclaimer: I haven't actually tried out this dish, so I can't guarantee it tastes as good as I imagine it...)

[Lao Kou]

Géarthnuns:

19th -
lan kfínöashtuz [ˈlan ˌkfinø.aˈʃtuz] vt. extradite (from other countries to Géarthtörs)
lan laiteashtuz [ˈlan ˌlajtɛ.aˈʃtuz] vt. extradite (from Géarthtörs to other countries)

Cha süns lé söböt ban laiteashtuz tsukíbökh.
[tʃa ˈsỹs ˌle ˈsøbøt ˈban ˌlajtɛ.aˈʃtuz ˌtsukiˈbøx]
DEF authorities-NOM AUX.PAST 3SG-ACC PTCL.CAUS extradite refuse
The authorites refused to extradite him.

[MrKrov]

Eh:

"sizu" n. tongue
Anatomy gap filled.

[zyma]

@cedh: Very cool and very impressive!

---

Project Jade (Day 19):

ǧçöıpƃ /ʁ͡ʢo̤p͡ʙ˥/ (v.) to think, to consider, to ponder, to strategize


Example:

ôłȝiım ǧçöıpƃ yêvȝãı
2 think NEG
you don't think

[thetha]

19th:
wanə - think
sapit - head